The 21st century will demand a transformation in human society, avers Worldwide Fund for Nature advisor Ranchor Prime: either we will reduce our burden on the planet, or succumb to catastrophes beyond our control. Here Prime argues for making the transformation through enlightened understanding, and puts forth the Vedic perspective of earth as a mother that we have the duty to protect. He interviews environmental activists and thinkers who have adopted this philosophy, including scientist Vandana Shiva and Anil Agarwal, director of the Center for Science and Development in India, and contributes his own conclusions about high thinking and simple living.